Rembaum's Association Roundup Archives

June 12, 2025June 12, 2025

Accusations Of Racial Discrimination by the HOA

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

Admittedly there are always two sides to every story. This is why we have the American judicial system to get to the resolution of a matter as decided by the “trier of fact,” be it the judge or jury, after hearing from both the accuser and the accused (or in civil terms, hearing from the plaintiff and defendant). In most civil cases a plaintiff only needs to prove that a particular event was more likely than not to have occurred. This is referred to as a “preponderance of the evidence” standard of proof, meaning that a majority of the evidence favors the plaintiff’s position. But, before the parties can get to that stage, the plaintiff first must sufficiently allege a cause of action against the defendant. If not, then the plaintiff’s lawsuit is subject to being dismissed. Well, that is exactly what happened in the recent federal appellate case of Watts v. Joggers Run Property Owners Association, Inc., 133 F.4th 1032 (11th Cir. 2025), in which the plaintiff, Watts, appealed the dismissal of her case in its entirety by the lower court, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida.

In the underlying action, Watts alleged Joggers Run of taking unlawful actions against her, her family, and her guests due to their race and brought claims against Joggers Run under both the Fair Housing Act and the Civil Rights Act. Watts accused Joggers Run of selectively enforcing its rules pertaining to parking, pets, yard sales, and penalty fees against her and her family but not against non-Black residents. She accused the association’s president of referring to Black people as “monkeys” and another director of using derogatory, race-based comments. She alleged that she was limited to three minutes when…

Read the full article HERE

May 18, 2025June 12, 2025

Board Member Fiduciary Duties Owed to the Association

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

What is the standard of care that a community association officer and board member owe to their association? The Homeowners’ Association Act (Ch. 720 Fla. Stat.) provides in §720.303, “The officers and directors of an association are subject to §617.0830 and have a fiduciary relationship to the members who are served by the association.” The Condominium Act (Ch. 718 Fla. Stat.) in §718.111 similarly provides, “The officers and directors of the association have a fiduciary relationship to the owners.” Still, though, there is no express definition of the term “fiduciary relationship” set out in either piece of legislation.

With that in mind, let’s take a look at some of the more common definitions of the term “fiduciary,” including the following:

- A fiduciary relationship is a relation between two parties wherein one party (fiduciary) has the duty to act in the best interest of the other party (beneficiary or principal).
- A fiduciary is a person who holds a legal or ethical relationship of trust with one or more other parties. Typically, a fiduciary prudently takes care of money or other assets for another person.
- A fiduciary duty is a relationship in which one party places special trust, confidence, and reliance in and is influenced by another who has a fiduciary duty to act for the benefit of the party.
- Most importantly, and germane to this discussion, a fiduciary is a person or organization that acts on behalf of another person or persons, putting their clients’ interests ahead of their own, with a duty to preserve good faith and trust.

From all of this we can glean that a good community association board member puts the interest of their association well above their own personal interests. Not only are homeowners’ associations subject to Chapter 720, Florida Statutes, and condominium associations subject to Chapter 718, Florida Statutes, but both are subject to Florida’s Not-For-Profit Corporation Act, Chapter 617, Florida Statutes. Section 617.0830, Fla. Stat., provides a mechanism that will shield a director from breach of fiduciary duty claims so long as they follow the requirements set forth in this ever-important piece of legislation.

Section 617.0830, Fla. Stat., provides, …

Read the full article HERE

April 15, 2025June 12, 2025

Not all Expenditures Can Be Collected from Delinquent Owners as Part of the Collection/Foreclosure Process – Why Not?

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

It is clear that Florida’s community association collection/foreclosure legislation allows associations to foreclose an owner’s home for nonpayment of assessments. However, not all of the monies expended by an association fit into the definition of an assessment. For example, let’s say that an association has a right to correct a deficiency on an owner’s lot, but the declaration of covenants at issue does not support converting the money spent into an assessment. In that event, the monies expended by the association would have to be recovered as part of a breach of contract action rather than as part of an assessment/foreclosure action. Sometimes, however, the declaration will provide that the monies expended can be treated as an assessment. If that is the case, then before those expenditures can be included as a part of the collection/foreclosure process, the board would need to convert the expenditure into an assessment against the noncomplying owner. (As to how that is done, you can discuss it with your community association’s attorney.) Florida’s collection/foreclosure legislation also provides for recovery of certain costs incidental to the collection/foreclosure process, but recovery of such cost must be rooted in a statute or by contract (i.e., the declaration of covenants).

Let’s look at the fee charged by a management company for sending the notice of late assessment letter, often referred as a NOLA letter, as required by Florida Statute, and determine whether it is a recoverable cost in an association’s collection/foreclosure action and whether including the NOLA fee as a part of the association’s collection/foreclosure proceedings violates the Federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (the Act).

The Act was passed into law because of abundant evidence of the use of abusive, deceptive, and unfair debt collection practices. It does not matter whether a debt collector used their best efforts to comply with the Act. Only strict compliance matters when it comes to the enforceability of…

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March 19, 2025June 12, 2025

Are Changes to Association Landscaping a Material Alteration That Requires a Vote of the Owners?

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

If you live in a community association, especially if you serve on the board, you may already be familiar with the term “material alteration.” In Sterling Village Condominium Association, Inc., v. Breitenbach, 261 So. 2d 685, 687 (Fla. 4th DCA 1971), the Court defined the term material alteration as follows:

[T]o palpably or perceptively vary or change the form, shape, elements, or specifications of a building from its original design or plan, or existing condition, in such a manner as to appreciably affect or influence its function, use, or appearance.

Generally, an association’s declaration provides the manner in which material alterations to the common elements and common areas are to be accomplished and the necessary percentage of the unit owners required to approve material alterations, if any. In a homeowners’ association such decisions are left to the discretion of the board of directors unless the governing documents provide otherwise. As to condominium associations, absent a provision in the association’s declaration providing otherwise, section 718.113(2)(a), Florida Statutes, provides in relevant part that 75 percent of the total voting interests of the association must approve the alterations or additions before the material alterations or substantial additions are commenced.

Read the full article….HERE

March 2, 2025March 4, 2025

U.S. Treasury Department Announces the Suspension of Enforcement of the Corporate Transparency Act Against U.S. Citizens and Domestic Reporting Companies

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

Keeping up with the “on again, off again” requirements of the Corporate Transparency Act is like watching a basketball bounce up and down. Finally, however, it appears as though the point guard took the shot and the basket is made.

On March 2, 2025, The Treasury Department announced that, with respect to the Corporate Transparency Act, not only will it NOT enforce any penalties or fines associated with the beneficial ownership information reporting rule under the existing regulatory deadlines, but it will further NOT enforce any penalties or fines against U.S. citizens or domestic reporting companies or their beneficial owners after the forthcoming rule changes take effect either.

The Treasury Department will further be issuing a proposed rulemaking that will narrow the scope of the rule to foreign reporting companies only. Treasury takes this step in the interest of supporting hard-working American taxpayers and small businesses and ensuring that the rule is appropriately tailored to advance the public interest.

“This is a victory for common sense,” said U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent. “Today’s action is part of President Trump’s bold agenda to unleash American prosperity by reining in burdensome regulations, in particular for small businesses that are the backbone of the American economy.”

You can view the official Press Release HERE.

It was also rumored that the Executive branch made an announcement that the United States Treasury will be suspending all future enforcement of the Corporate Transparency Act on American businesses and is working towards an emergency rule for codification of the new enforcement policy in furtherance of its goals toward less governmental regulation.

As new information is obtained we will share it with you, our readers.

February 17, 2025March 4, 2025

Thinking of Filing a New Lawsuit?

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

The Florida Supreme Court approved multiple substantial amendments to the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure that went into effect on January 1, 2025. While these changes are significant, they do not appear to be terribly overwhelming. This article is not intended to provide a comprehensive review of these changes but rather to point out some of the more interesting changes. It is important to note that these new procedural amendments to the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure only apply to lawsuits filed on or after January 1, 2025. In speaking with several litigators about these new rules, their takeaway is that a plaintiff best be ready for trial when filing your lawsuit. They say this because of the new discovery rules that fast track the process.

Courts now have the authority to extend deadlines for responding to motions either with or without a formal motion and with or without notice. This increased flexibility should streamline… [Read the Rest]

January 7, 2025January 11, 2025

The Consequences of Failing to Maintain the Official Records

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

The following scenario happens all too often. A member makes a written records request to inspect the official records of the association and proceeds to provide a laundry list of documents that the member wants to inspect. In response, the association may arrange to have the member come to the property management office to inspect the records or, if the laundry list is not extensive, provide the requested records to the member by making copies or providing them electronically. Sometimes, however, associations do not always maintain official records in accordance with the requirements of Chapters 718 and 720, Fla. Stat., and an association may argue that it gave the member what it could, so that is all that really matters, right? Wrong! If your association operates this way, you are in for a surprise.

In the case of William Pecchia and Kathleen Porter v. Wayside Estates Home Owners Association, Inc., 388 So. 2d 1136 (Fla. 5th DCA 2024), litigation initially arose between the homeowners (Pecchia and Porter) and the association due to the belief by Pecchia that the association was failing to maintain the common area and that the association was not enforcing violations. Pecchia observed that over the years the association lowered annual assessments and seemed to spend less money on maintenance despite observable deteriorating conditions to the property. [Read the Rest]

December 26, 2024January 7, 2025

Corporate Transparency Act Strikes Back!

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

In the never ending saga regarding the applicability of the Corporate Transparency Act, there is yet another twist in that the judge in the Texas litigation, which we wrote about to you on December 14 and who issued the nationwide injunction, reversed course on December 23, when he lifted the court’s previously enacted injunction making the Corporate Transparency Act’s registration requirements applicable once again. However, FinCen, in light of the short notice, has extended the deadline in which to register to January 13, 2025 absent other deadline extensions.

As reported in our prior article, a recent update from the United States Department of Treasury, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCen) provides an extension of time to comply with the requirements of the Corporate Transparency Act for the initial reporting deadlines, but there are strict requirements regarding the applicability of the extension as discussed below.

FinCen, on October 29, 2024, extended the initial reporting deadlines to June 30, 2025, for associations in counties affected by Hurricane Milton where:

(1) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) assistance is available for individual or public assistance; and

(2) IRS tax filing deadlines have been extended.

Associations in the following counties appear to be subject to the extension:

Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Brevard, Broward, Charlotte, Citrus, Clay, Collier, Columbia, DeSoto, Dixie, Duval, Flagler, Gilchrist, Glades, Hamilton, Hardee, Hendry, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River, Lafayette, Lake, Lee, Levy, Madison, Manatee, Marion, Martin, Miami-Dade, Monroe, Nassau, Okeechobee, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Putman, Sarasota, Seminole, St. Johns, St. Lucie, Sumter, Suwannee, Taylor, Union, and Volusia.

Of course, to be absolutely certain, please check with your association’s attorney.

[Read the Rest]

December 13, 2024January 7, 2025

Disability Discrimination Under the Fair Housing Act

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

Guest Columnist: Danielle M. Brennan, Esq. B.C.S. [Kaye Bender Rembaum]

As directors and managers of community associations, it is likely that you are very familiar with disability-related requests for reasonable accommodations under the Fair Housing Act, particularly requests for accommodation to pet restrictions so that a disabled person may have an assistance animal within the community. However, the failure to grant reasonable accommodations is not the only form of disability discrimination under the Fair Housing Act.

The Fair Housing Act also makes it unlawful for a housing provider to refuse to permit, at the expense of the disabled person, reasonable modifications of existing premises occupied or to be occupied by such person if such modifications may be necessary to afford such person full enjoyment of the premises. For example, reasonable modifications may include widening doorways to make rooms more accessible for persons in wheelchairs, installing grab bars in bathrooms, [Read the full article]

December 11, 2024January 7, 2025

CORPORATE TRANSPARENCY ACT – Mandatory Registration Temporarily Stayed

Rembaum’s Association Roundup | Jeffrey A. Rembaum, Esq., BCS | Visit HERE

Below is an update direct from the Federal Government’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCen)

In light of a recent federal court order, reporting companies are not currently required to file beneficial ownership information with FinCEN and are not subject to liability if they fail to do so while the order remains in force. However, reporting companies may continue to voluntarily submit beneficial ownership information reports.

The Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) plays a vital role in protecting the U.S. and international financial systems, as well as people across the country, from illicit finance threats like terrorist financing, drug trafficking, and money laundering. The CTA levels the playing field for tens of millions of law-abiding small businesses across the United States and makes it harder for bad actors to exploit loopholes in order to gain an unfair advantage.

On December 3, 2024, in the case of Texas Top Cop Shop, Inc., et al. v. Garland, et al., No. 4:24-cv-00478 (E.D. Tex.), a federal district court in the Eastern District of Texas, Sherman Division, issued an order granting a nationwide preliminary injunction that: (1) enjoins the CTA, including enforcement of that statute and regulations implementing its beneficial ownership information reporting requirements, and, specifically, (2) stays all deadlines to comply with the CTA’s reporting requirements. The Department of Justice, on behalf of the Department of the Treasury, filed a Notice of Appeal on December 5, 2024.

Texas Top Cop Shop is only one of several cases in which plaintiffs have challenged the CTA that are pending before courts around the country. Several district courts have denied requests to enjoin the CTA, ruling in favor of the Department of the Treasury. The government continues to believe—consistent with the conclusions of the U.S. District Courts for the Eastern District of Virginia and the District of Oregon—that the CTA is constitutional.

While this litigation is ongoing, FinCEN will comply with the order issued by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas for as long as it remains in effect. Therefore, reporting companies are not currently required to file their beneficial ownership information with FinCEN and will not be subject to liability if they fail to do so while the preliminary injunction remains in effect. Nevertheless, reporting companies may continue to voluntarily submit beneficial ownership information reports.